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EOH Ming Pei was born in China in 1917, the son of a prominent banker. At age 17 he came to the United States to study architecture and received a Bachelor of Architecture from MIT in 1940. After graduation, he received the Alpha Rho Chi Medal, the MIT Traveling Scholarship, and the AIA Gold Medal. In 1942, Pei enrolled in the Harvard Graduate School of Design, where he studied under Walter Gropius and six months later, he offered his services to the National Research Defense Committee in Princeton. Pei returned to Harvard in 1944 and completed his M.Arch in 1946, along with teaching at the faculty as assistant professor (1945-1948). Awarded the Wheelwright Traveling Fellowship at Harvard in 1951, he traveled extensively in England, France, Italy and Greece. IM Pei became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1954.In 1948, William Zeckendorf invited Mr. Pei to accept the newly created position of Director of Architecture at Webb & Knapp, a real estate development company, resulting in many major architectural projects and planning across the country. In 1955, he formed the partnership of IM Pei & Associates, which became IM Pei & Partners in 1966, and Pei Cobb Freed & Partners in 1989. The partnership received the 1968 Architectural Firm of the American Institute of Architects.Mr. Pei personal style of architecture flourished with his design for the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado (1961-67). He then gained a wide national attention with theEast building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington (1968-78) and John Fitzgerald Kennedy Library in Boston (1965-1979) - two of some thirty institutional projects executed by Mr. Pei. Others include churches, hospitals and municipal buildings and schools, libraries, and more than a dozen museums. His most recent works include the Morton H.CenterIn Meyerson Symphony Dallas, the Grand Louvre in Paris, the Miho Museum in Shiga, Japan, Schauhaus the German Historical Museum in Berlin, and the Musée d'Art Moderne Grand-Duc Jean in Luxembourg. Among designs skyscrapers Mr. Pei are 72 story Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong and the Four Seasons Hotel in Manhattan. He has completed two projects in his native China: the Beijing Fragrant Hill Hotel (1982) and the Suzhou Museum in Suzhou (2006), each designed for advanced technology grafted onto the roots of indigenous construction and thus sow the seeds of a new form of distinctly Chinese modern architecture.Mr. Pei deep interest in the arts and education is evidenced by his membership on numerous committees invited to Harvard and MIT, and on several government panels. He also served on the Working Group of the AIA on the West Front of the Capitol of the United States. A member of the Force of the AIA National Urban Policy Working Board and Urban Design of the New York City, he was appointed to the National Council on the Humanities by President Lyndon Johnson in 1966, and the Council National Arts by President Jimmy Carter in 1980. In 1983, Mr. Pei was chosen the winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize: he used the price $ 100 000 to establish a scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in the United States (on the strict condition that their return to China to practice their profession). Among the many academic awards conferred on Mr. Pei are honorary doctorates from Harvard University, the University of Pennsylvania, Columbia University, New York University, Brown University, the University of Colorado, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and the American University of Paris. More recently, he received the Laura Honoris Causa by the University of Rome, in 2004.Mr. Pei is a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects and a Corporate Member of the Royal Institute of British Architects, and was also elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Design andthe American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. In 1975 he was elected to the American Academy itself, which is limited to a lifetime membership of fifty.Three years later he became chancellor of the Academy, the first architect to hold that position, and served until 1980. Mr. Pei was inducted into a "Member of the Institut de France" in 1984 and decorated by the French government as a commander in the College of Letters and Arts "in 1985. On July 4, 1986, he was one of twelve naturalized American citizens to receive the Medal of Freedom from President Ronald Reagan. Two years later the French president Francois Mitterrand inducted IM Pei as a Chevalier of the Legion d'Honneur, and in November 1993, he was brought to an officer. Also in 1993 he was elected Honorary Academician of the Royal Academy of Arts, London. In 1997, the Académie d'Architecture de France elected a foreign member.Among Mr. Pei numerous professional awards are the price Arnold Brunner of the National Institute of Arts and Letters (1963), the Medal of Honor from the New York chapter of the American Institute of Architects (1963), The Thomas JeffersonMemorial Medal "for outstanding contribution to the field of architecture" (1976), The Gold Medal for Architecture from the American Academy of Arts and Letters (1979), the Mayor's Award of Honor for Art and Culture (New York City, 1981) and The Gold Medal of Alpha Rho Chi, the national fraternity for Architects (1981). In 1979, IM Pei was awarded the AIA Gold Medal-the highest architectural distinction in the United States. Three years later, he received the Great Gold Medal of the Academy of Architecture in France. In 1989, the Japan Art Association awarded him the Praemium Imperiale for lifetime achievement in architecture, and the following year UCLA awarded the gold medal of the University. In 1991, Mr. Pei received the Excellence Award in 2000 and First Prize of the Foundation for Excellence in Colbert. He received the Medal of Freedom by President George HW Bush (1993), Medal of Arts by the National Endowment for the Arts (1994), the Jerusalem Prize for Arts and Letters by the Bezalel Academy of Arts & Design, Jerusalem (1994), and Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Medal by the Municipal Art Society of New York City (1996). Among the many honors bestowed, Mr. Pei accepted the award independent of Brown University (1997), the Edward MacDowell Medal for the MacDowell Colony (1998), Thomas and the American Philosophical Society of Jefferson Medal for achieving distinguished in the arts (2001). More recently, he received the Henry C. Turner Prize for Innovation in Construction Technology awarded by the National Building Museum (2003), the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum (2003), and the Foundation Erwin Wickert East und Preis Okzident (2006).
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